เอกสารทางวิชาการ – TIIS

The potential of industrial waste: using foundry sand with fly ash and electric arc furnace slag for geopolymer brick production

004848 — Tue, 18 Aug 2020 17:00:00 +0000

เอกสารทางวิชาการ

The potential of industrial waste: using foundry sand with fly ash and electric arc furnace slag for geopolymer brick production

ปี 2020 | เอกสารทางวิชาการ

The purpose of this study was to investigate the best ratio of waste foundry sand (WFS), fly ash (FA), and electric arc furnace slag (EAF slag) for the production of geopolymer bricks. In this research study, WFS, FA, and EAF slag were mixed at the ratio of 70:30:0, 60:30:10, 50:30:20, and 40:30:30 with 8M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 98% purity sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃) with a ratio of Na₂SiO₃/8M NaOH = 2.5. The mixtures were compacted in 5 cm × 5 cm x 5 cm molds and cured at an ambient temperature for 28 days. Then, their compressive strength was analyzed. The results showed that the geopolymer bricks with the highest compressive strength were those mixed at the 40:30:30 ratio, with a compressive strength of 25.76 MPa.

The strongest bricks were also analyzed using the leaching test to ensure the production involved non-hazardous materials. To compare the environmental impacts of geopolymer bricks and concrete bricks, their effects on climate change, ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, human toxicity, terrestrial ecotoxicity, and fossil fuel depletion were examined from cradle to grave using SimaPro 8.0.5.13 software. The results of the life cycle assessment (LCA) from cradle to grave showed that the environmental impact of geopolymer brick production was lower in every aspect than that of concrete production. Therefore, geopolymer brick production can reduce environmental impact and can be a value-added use for industrial waste.

For further information, please download

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03697

Material Flow Analysis of Maize Supply Chain in Thailand

004848 — Mon, 17 Aug 2020 17:00:00 +0000

เอกสารทางวิชาการ

Material Flow Analysis of Maize Supply Chain in Thailand

ปี 2020 | เอกสารทางวิชาการ

Maize is an important material for feed production in Thailand. In the past 10 years, the demand of feed production has increased significantly, resulting in the increasing demand of maize. In this research, Material Flow Analysis was applied to track flows of raw materials and resources used in maize supply chain in Thailand in 2015.

The study analysed the flow and loss ofmaterial and resources along maize supply chain to find the causes and hot spots of the losses in order to develop measures to reduce
loss and create more production efficiency with less environmental impact of maize to feed production in Thailand. The results reveal that most of the loss occurred in the agriculture sector including nutrient and crop residues since most of the maize was grown in the hill area. Crop residues have a large potential to use as energy feedstock and reduce particulate matter emission from avoided open burning. Transferring of cultivation from hill area to the plains is necessary for reduction of loss and recovery of crop residues.

For further information, please download

http://www.jseejournal.com/media/27/attachment/Material%20Flow%20analysis%20pp.%2087-89.pdf

A life cycle assessment of intermediate rubber products in Thailand from the product environmental footprint perspective

004848 — Sun, 16 Aug 2020 17:00:00 +0000

เอกสารทางวิชาการ

A life cycle assessment of intermediate rubber products in Thailand from the product environmental footprint perspective

ปี 2020 | เอกสารทางวิชาการ

Thailand produces one-third of the world’s total natural rubber and is the top supplier of natural rubber to Europe. The European Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) plays an essential role in reducing the environmental impacts of the rubber products imported into Europe. This is the first work to evaluate the PEF of fresh latex, cup lump, and hevea wood from the plantation phase (primary products) and the PEF of intermediate rubber products: ribbed smoked sheets (RSS), ribbed smoked sheet bales (RSSB), block rubber (Standard Thai Rubber, STR 20), concentrated latex, and lumber AB in Thailand.

A national database and secondary data were used to compile a life cycle inventory. The PEF of fresh latex, cup lump, and hevea wood were 0.194, 0.437, and 0.229, respectively. RSS and RSSB showed PEF values of 3.96 and 1.52, respectively while those of STR 20, concentrated latex, and lumber AB were 0.861, 1.49, and 0.473, respectively. The most significant impacts are human toxicity (non-cancer effects) in RSS and RSSB, human toxicity (cancer effects) in STR 20, eutrophication (terrestrial) in concentrated latex, and particulate matter/respiratory inorganics in lumber AB. The hot spots originated from the acquisition of fresh latex and firewood use in the RSS production. A significant influence on firewood consumption was found during the production of RSS by a sensitivity analysis. To enhance the competitiveness of Thailand’s rubber industry in the European Union market, minimization of the use of firewood and increasing energy efficiency are crucial in the manufacture of rubber products. Policymakers should emphasize increasing knowledge of sustainable practices for farmers to reduce the impacts at the plantation phase. The PEF results can be used as decision criteria for the development of rubber-product PEF labels.

For further information, please download

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117632

Updating and Road‐testing Life Cycle Inventory Data Review Criteria: Toward Global Consensus and Guidance On Data Quality Assessment

004848 — Sat, 15 Aug 2020 17:00:00 +0000

เอกสารทางวิชาการ

Updating and Road‐testing Life Cycle Inventory Data Review Criteria: Toward Global Consensus and Guidance On Data Quality Assessment

ปี 2020 | เอกสารทางวิชาการ

Data quality of life cycle inventory background databases should be ensured in order to be useful for life cycle assessment (LCA) studies. However, databases do not always have procedures to evaluate the quality of the data sets in place. The Global Guidance Principles for LCA Databases of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in collaboration with the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) provide, among others, recommendations to enhance data quality through improved documentation and review.

Flagship 2a in Phase 3 of the UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative aimed to enable the practical implementation of these recommendations with the development of review criteria and the testing of these criteria on 3 national databases. After a pilot‐testing phase, this project entered a more mature road‐testing exercise, of which the results are presented in this paper. The review criteria have been updated and provide more emphasis on goal and scope documentation completeness and include a new cluster of criteria that evaluate the materiality of the data set. The updated criteria have been applied to national databases of Thailand, Australia, and Chile. All databases would benefit from additional documentation, for example, on system boundaries, the reference model, sampling procedures, and cut‐off criteria. Furthermore, conducting the review was enabled by extensive documentation and data accessibility in LCA software. Communication of the criteria to the database managers enabled them to anticipate data quality requirements of the global LCA community and improve the data sets in advance. Reviewers sometimes had a different interpretation of the criteria, which suggests that there is room for additional fine‐tuning of the process guidance and exemplification of review criteria. This project has demonstrated that the criteria are applicable to and provide useful feedback for databases with different levels of maturity and contribute to improving quality of life cycle inventory (LCI) data.

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https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ieam.4268

การประเมินวัฏจักรชีวิตของผลิตภัณฑ์ในมิติด้านสังคม Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA)

004848 — Tue, 31 Dec 2019 17:00:00 +0000

เอกสารทางวิชาการ

การประเมินวัฏจักรชีวิตของผลิตภัณฑ์ในมิติด้านสังคม

ปี 2020 | เอกสารทางวิชาการ

การประเมินวัฏจักรชีวิตของผลิตภัณฑ์ในมิติด้านสังคม (Social LCA) มีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่อประเมินผลกระทบที่อาจจะเกิดขึ้นในด้านสังคมและเศรษฐกิจ-สังคมของผลิตภัณฑ์ หรือบริการ โดยพิจารณาศักยภาพในการก่อให้เกิดผลกระทบทั้งเชิงบวกและเชิงลบตลอดวัฏจักรชีวิตของผลิตภัณฑ์

อย่างไรก็ตาม ข้อจำกัดในการประเมิน Social LCA คือ ขาดข้อมูลเชิงปริมาณที่เกี่ยวกับบัญชีรายการทางด้านสังคม ตัวชี้วัดมิติด้านสังคมส่วนใหญ่เป็นตัวชี้วัดที่เป็นนามธรรม การตีความผลกระทบในมิติด้านสังคมค่อนข้างยาก สำหรับบทความฉบับนี้จะกล่าวถึงกรอบและแนวทางเบื้องต้นสำหรับการประเมินวัฏจักรชีวิตของผลิตภัณฑ์ในมิติด้านสังคม เพื่อให้ผู้อ่านเข้าใจแนวคิดและเทคนิคการประเมินวัฏจักรชีวิตของผลิตภัณฑ์ทางด้านสังคม

สามารถอ่านเอกสารเพิ่มเติมได้จาก : Social-LCA_SP_forTIISweb

Thai national life cycle inventory readiness for product environmental footprint.

004848 — Wed, 30 Nov 2016 17:00:00 +0000

เอกสารทางวิชาการ

Thai national life cycle inventory readiness for product environmental footprint.

ปี 2016 | เอกสารทางวิชาการ

Thai national life cycle inventory (LCI) database plays a key role in generic data that was used to evaluate the environmental performance of products. This paper presents the perspective of Thai data readiness for PEF in which the quality of LCI is the main issue of concern.

The current situation of the Thai national LCI database was reviewed. Then, the gaps of data were addressed, and the gaps were also filled.

For further information, please download:

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11367-016-1257-8