{"id":12298,"date":"2026-06-09T16:38:14","date_gmt":"2026-06-09T09:38:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/?p=12298"},"modified":"2026-06-10T09:02:25","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T02:02:25","slug":"analysis-of-packaging-waste-generation-patterns-and-waste-flows-in-tourist-accommodations-of-north-eastern-thailand","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/analysis-of-packaging-waste-generation-patterns-and-waste-flows-in-tourist-accommodations-of-north-eastern-thailand\/","title":{"rendered":"Analysis of Packaging Waste Generation Patterns and Waste Flows in Tourist Accommodations of North-eastern Thailand"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Analysis of Packaging Waste Generation Patterns and Waste Flows in Tourist Accommodations of North-eastern Thailand<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Packaging waste produced by tourist accommodation significantly contributes to environmental impacts. Understanding packaging waste generation patterns and waste flows allows for the identification of major waste streams and the factors influencing their occurrence. This study aims to assess the patterns and flows of packaging waste generation in the tourist accommodations, focusing specifically on five provinces in North-East Thailand and five types of packaging materials. Investigating the geographical pattern, explore the complexities of consumer behavior and examine the dynamics of waste collection patterns. The questionnaire has been developed to collect data regarding packaging waste across 35 accommodations. The results indicate that plastic waste is the most predominant type, totaling around 300 kg per day, with plastic bottles for drinking water being the major component. However, the highest type of waste packaging is glass bottles, totaling approximately 266 kg per day. In geographical pattern, Loei generates the highest amount of packaging waste, averaging 0.41 kg per guest per day, while Udon Thani generates the least, an average of 0.15 kg per guest per day. The main reason is that Loei has more attractions, whereas Udon Thani offers a wider variety of restaurants, leading to more packaging waste generated outside of the accommodations. Consumer behavior patterns show that glass bottles and seasoning packets are the most commonly discarded waste items in kitchens, dining rooms and hospitality rooms, where much of the packaging waste is collected and sorted for recycling. A study of packaging waste flow revealed that the kitchen is the main source of packaging waste. Additionally, most packaging is sold or returned to the suppliers for recycling. Tourist accommodation should focus more on diverting packaging waste from landfills to promote sustainable waste management. This study provides guidelines for setting concrete targets to reduce packaging waste in tourist accommodation for tourist sustainability.<\/p>

For further information, please download [Click]<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the best ratio of waste foundry sand (WFS), fly ash (FA), and electric arc furnace slag (EAF slag) for the production of geopolymer bricks. In this research study, WFS, FA, and EAF slag were mixed at the ratio of 70:30:0, 60:30:10, 50:30:20, and 40:30:30 with 8M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 98% purity sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) with a ratio of Na2SiO3\/8M NaOH = 2.5. The mixtures were compacted in 5 cm \u00d7 5 cm x 5 cm molds and cured at an ambient temperature for 28 days. Then, their compressive strength was analyzed. The results showed that the geopolymer bricks with the highest compressive strength were those mixed at the 40:30:30 ratio, with a compressive strength of 25.76 MPa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":12292,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[236],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-academic-paper"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12298"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12318,"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12298\/revisions\/12318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mtec.or.th\/tiis\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}